Electrical Networks and Random Walks

People always post interesting links in the comments to Scott Aaronson’s weblog. For example, the other day Paul Beame posted two links that explain the connections between random walks on graphs and electrical networks. One is a complete book on the subject by Doyle and Snell. The other is an article by Chandra, Raghavan, Ruzzo, Smolensky, and Tiwari that further develops the theory.

Algebraic Topology No Longer Ineffective

In a comment thread at n-category cafe, John Baez has linked to the electronic version of a big bowl of ice cream. Investigating the link in his comment, I came across the web page of Francis Sergeraert, who has linked to his papers and talks.

Sergeraert and his collaborators have pioneered a program of computational algebraic topology, and it is amazing what they have already acheived. For example, they have developed effective versions of the Serre and Eilenberg-Moore spectral sequences.

These kinds of algorithms exert a powerful hold on my imagination. When I first tried to learn commutative algebra, I found much of the subject impenetrable. Then later when I learned about Gröbner bases, I suddenly found everything I found hard to understand became easy to understand. Now the Gröbner basis algorithm is too slow to implement by hand other than toy examples, but having effectively computable toy examples was enough for me. Commutative algebra textbooks are full of toy examples, but my suspicious unconscious mind was sure that they were tricking me, and that the toy examples were not to be trusted. Learning how to compute new examples allowed me to shut my unconscious up.

2007 Abel Prize

The 2007 Abel Prize has been announced. The winner is S. R. Srinivasa Varadhan for his work on large deviations in probability. Large deviations are asymptotic estimates of rare events. They are of practical importance, for example, in justifying the results of statistical mechanics. Cosma Shalizi’s notebook on large deviations provides an overview and many more links.

I find it interesting that the Abel Prize has taken a turn towards the applied in recent years. The first two awards, to Serre and to Atiyah and Singer, track the expectations of pure mathematicians. In the last three years, though, one prize has gone to Peter Lax, who works in applied PDEs, and now this year Varadhan. (The other winner is Lennart Carleson.)

April Notices

The April Notices of the AMS features a retrospective on Serge Lang’s mathematical career. This month’s What is…, What is… a tropical curve. A tropical curve is a curve defined over the tropical semiring, which is the real numbers with addition defined as max or min, and multiplication defined as real addition. Mathematicians are currently working on finding the analogues of classical results on algebraic curves to the tropical setting.

Against Functional Analysis

The functional analysis thread has turned into a big love-fest, but a dissenting voice has appeared from an unexpected quarter. David Corfield spotted this interview with Gian-Carlo Rota and David Sharp. Rota says:

Combinatorics is an honest subject. No adèles, no sigma-algebras. You count balls in a box, and you either have the right number or you haven’t. You get the feeling that the result you have discovered is forever, because it’s concrete. Other branches of mathematics are not so clear-cut. Functional analysis of infinite-dimensional spaces is never fully convincing; you don’t get a feeling of having done an honest day’s work. Don’t get the wrong idea-combinatorics is not just putting balls into boxes. Counting finite sets can be a highbrow undertaking, with sophisticated techniques.

This raises a disturbing possibility: I like functional analysis because it provides yet another way to avoid an honest day’s work.

Everything Big in the Solar System

When I was a kid I loved astronomy, for two reasons: one was the pictures, and the other was the lists. I loved the lists of the closest stars, the brightest stars, the largest asteroids, etc. This photographic list of every body in the solar system larger than 200 miles in diameter manages to be both a picture and a list, which would have delighted my ten-year-old self.

Via Cosmic Variance.

Fourth Carnival of Mathematics

The fourth Carnival of Mathematics is up.

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E8 Revisited

This article at the website for the Atlas of Lie Groups and Representations provides more details for last week’s highly touted announcement of the computation of the Kahzdan-Lusztig-Vogan polynomials for E8. It sounds like they were as surprised as anyone that the announcement made such a big media splash.